I’m virtually certain — which is something different from entirely certain, and I’ll be glad to be wrong — that the Trump administration will succeed in firing Lisa Cook from the Fed Board.
Cook might’ve committed mortgage fraud, FHFA chief Bill Pulte reckons. Or maybe not, according to documents reviewed by Reuters. And even if she did make incorrect statements about her intentions to reside at a second property, Scott Bessent might’ve too, according to Bloomberg. Maybe Pulte’s relatives made improper claims, another report suggested.
And guess what? An estimated 22,300 Americans were administratively derelict in their mortgage pledges from 2005 to 2017, Fed research shows. That sure is a lot of “fraud.” Mortgage criminals, like aliens, walk among us. You can barely turn around without stepping on the toes of a white collar crook.
Unfortunately, all the Whataboutism in the world won’t likely save Cook in the eyes of John Roberts, who the Trump administration called upon Thursday to stay the D.C. Circuit Court injunction which allowed Cook to vote on monetary policy this week. Nor will Roberts likely take account of the administration’s rather transparent motives when deciding whether to let Cook’s firing stand.
In the emergency request to the Court (embedded in full below), John Sauer argues that Trump didn’t deny Cook due process (a key point of contention) and is likely to prevail on the merits because mortgage fraud (proven or not) surely counts as “cause” to remove a Fed governor.
“The lower courts’ due-process theory would invite judicial micromanagement of the President’s exercise of his core Article II powers — even where, as here, courts have no authority to review the substance of the President’s ultimate decision,” Sauer declared. “Regardless, due process is a flexible concept,” he went on, noting that Trump “notified Cook of the charges against her and waited five days for her to respond before removing her.”
Sauer was very adamant about Cook having failed to “dispute any material fact” or “offer any plausible justification for her conduct.” With the caveat that I’m no attorney, one potential problem is that if you’re not formally charged with a crime, it isn’t necessarily obvious that you’re compelled to “respond.”
Sauer went on to contend that it’s precisely because the Fed “plays a uniquely important role in the American economy” that Cook’s position is untenable. “Put simply, the President may reasonably determine that interest rates paid by the American people should not be set by a Governor who appears to have lied about facts material to the interest rates she secured for herself — and refuses to explain the apparent misrepresentations,” he insisted.
I’ve been over this half a dozen times already, and I don’t to recapitulate unnecessarily, but I’d derelict (and badly so) not to note that Sauer repeatedly cites Wilcox. Wilcox was the shadow docket case in which the Court introduced the already infamous “Fed carveout” which ostensibly shields the Board from precisely what the administration’s trying to do in firing Cook.
Sauer would say that’s not accurate — that Cook has only her own behavior to blame. Maybe that’s true. Seriously. I’d grant him that. But the fact is, he’s citing a case which addressed Trump’s capacity to dismiss independent agency officers without cause. Here’s what the Court said in May about the Fed while allowing those removals to stand:
[R]espondents Gwynne Wilcox and Cathy Harris contend that arguments in this case necessarily implicate the constitutionality of for-cause removal protections for members of the Federal Reserve’s Board of Governors or other members of the Federal Open Market Committee. We disagree. The Federal Reserve is a uniquely structured, quasi-private entity that follows in the distinct historical tradition of the First and Second Banks.
So, Wilcox protected the Fed Board. Or purported to. Now it’s being cited in a petition to fire a Fed Board governor less than four months later. Such are the perils of appeasement.
Or maybe not. Maybe this isn’t a “peril” at all, but rather the intended result. Because as I suggested in the linked article, it’s possible the conservative majority’s awkward Fed exception was actually an invitation for the administration to challenge the flimsy logic. If that’s the case (if it was an invitation), Cook’s ouster was Trump RSVPing.
Remember: Elena Kagan called bullsh-t on this in May writing, in a dissent,
In valuing so highly — in an emergency posture — the President’s ability to fire without cause Wilcox and Harris and everyone like them, the majority all but declares Humphrey’s itself the emergency. Except apparently for the Federal Reserve. The majority closes today’s order by stating, out of the blue, that it has no bearing on “the constitutionality of for-cause removal protections” for members of the Federal Reserve Board or Open Market Committee. I am glad to hear it, and do not doubt the majority’s intention to avoid imperiling the Fed. But then, today’s order poses a puzzle. For the Federal Reserve’s independence rests on the same constitutional and analytic foundations as that of the NLRB, MSPB, FTC, FCC, and so on.
If you picked up on the sarcasm there, that’s good: Because Kagan was laying it on pretty thick. She knew this day was coming, and soon. Now it’s upon us with the caveat that Trump’s ginned up “cause.” Or what he says is cause, and that may be all Roberts needs.
At the risk of venturing over the ad nauseam line — and that’s a risk worth taking here considering the stakes — if the Court stays the injunction which allowed Cook to vote on policy this week, the conservative majority will have de facto (kinda, sorta, again with the “cause” proviso) overturned their own Fed carveout just four months after it was established.
Arguably, such a decision would — or at least could, on some interpretations — open the door to Trump firing Powell or even the entire Board sans Stephen Miran, Chris Waller and Miki Bowman assuming (not safely) that the latter two are still in Trump’s good graces after failing to join Miran’s dissent in favor of a larger rate cut this week.
Of course, Trump wouldn’t go there, because the market fallout would be swift and harrowing. But then, as we re-learned in April, Trump’s not one to shy away just because the market might look askance at his judgment.


So will the estimated 22,300 Americans who were derelicts on those mortgage applications get fired? From? what being Americans?
Trump always told his lenders the truth. That is why he was so successful in business. NOT.
The next mile marker on this road to autocracy (or illiberal democracy, take your pick) will be jailing a political opponent because they oppose your thinking. My over/under prediction is 3 months or less before we hit this ignominious milestone in our descent.
Hard as I try, I can’t see a path to the SC finding for Cook here, and it’s because of one thing: John Roberts is a coward.
He demonstrated this conclusively more than a decade ago in 2012 when he sided with the 4 liberal justices to not overturn Obamacare. Everything seemed to point to him joining the conservatives–he was a conservative Bush appointee after all. But he was too scared of the potential consequences. One report suggested, “He was deeply concerned about the institutional legitimacy of the Supreme Court. Striking down a landmark piece of legislation on a 5-4 partisan-line vote during a heated presidential election year could have severely damaged the public’s perception of the Court as an impartial judicial body.”
To square the circle, he contrived some pretzel logic that only worked if you construed the individual mandate as a tax.
The appellate court which Monday upheld the injunction that let Cook keep her job long enough to cast one last vote actually showed the way via the dissenting opinion written by the one ‘No’ vote. Roberts just has to say the government seems likely to prevail on the merits, and that mortgage fraud certainly constitutes cause, even if it happened before she was appointed.
I cannot imagine this will be the decission where Roberts finally grows a spine.
A good point. The SCOTUS should reject the appeal, and allow the lower court ruling–that Cook was denied due process–to stand. That would still allow the administration to make their case, establish cause, and then seek her removal on proper merit. However, the “merit” in this case is just as dubious and undefined as the notion of “due process.” Normally, we would expect the SCOTUS to establish what constitutes these for us, either by precedent or ruling, but that seems hard to imagine now. Roberts could at least appear impartial by requiring some sort of “due process,” but that could potentially upset the Big Guy’s timetable, so he may instead choose to cave just as you have described.
Mitch made sure government wouldn’t work for people, Fox News fed the anger that generated, and Democrats did nothing to break that cycle. Now, TV networks, universities, etc. are bending the knee.
It was easy to see the plan here. The only amazing part was nothing was done to stop it. All of the “liberal elites” are guilty of something… extreme hubris.
Propaganda is very effective. I don’t think many of us thought our electorate was so dumb as to consider Donald Trump a viable candidate.
However, I will say that whoever thought running Hilary was a good idea really messed up. Literally any other candidate would’ve handily defeated Trump and he likely would’ve ended up in the dustbin of history. Biden also should’ve bowed out gracefully after the mid-terms, but by the last election, Trump had somehow been normalized and here we are.
If they rule this way, and I agree it’s most likely given recent events, it sends an extremely chilling message to all. An unsubstantiated allegation is enough to ruin someone’s life.
I just don’t get how these justices would explain this to themselves though. It would go against everything they have ever learned since going to law school. The next administration (if there is one) should fire those justices for cause as well. And yes I don’t care that that might not be possible. Any US President has immunity anyway so who cares if it’s not allowed (so hypocritical of me, yes).
I’m not on board with mortgage fraud (there is also about 20,000 murders in the US every year, so not convinced by the number of fraud cases), but Cook needs time to defend herself and have her day in court about this, if she wants. Only if proven, should she then be let go. Now there is only a tweet and that’s supposedly enough. The Kagan stuff is evidence how extremely cynical and farcical that court is.
I remember when the Supreme Court wouldn’t even consider taking a case so irrelevant. Now they regularly use the emergency docket to rule on cases that have no business being in their court.
Federalist Society: “Mission Accomplished!”